Hemorrhoids are enlarged, bulging blood vessels located in and around the anus and lower rectum. They are of four types, and each type has distinct signs and symptoms. Nearly half of all men and women get hemorrhoids by age 50, so it’s not an uncommon problem. The good news is that most hemorrhoids aren’t severe and are treatable. Read on to learn about the various types of hemorrhoids and their treatment options.

1. Internal hemorrhoids
Internal hemorrhoids grow inside the rectum. Since they are located deep inside the anus, they are not visible and palpable. There aren’t any nerves to sense pain in the rectum, so most people with this type don’t show any signs and symptoms. However, if hemorrhoids grow bigger, they can cause pain or discomfort, itching, burning, and visible lumps or swelling near the anus. Also, sometimes, feces moving through the rectum can inflame hemorrhoids, resulting in bleeding. That said, internal hemorrhoids usually don’t cause any problem and often go away on their own without any treatment. If problems occur, home remedies involving witch hazel solution or cayenne pepper can help resolve them.

2. Prolapsed
A prolapsed hemorrhoid is the later stage of internal hemorrhoids. It occurs when internal hemorrhoids grow bigger and protrude from the anus. They often appear like swollen red bumps or lumps outside the anus and can be seen using a mirror. Prolapsed hemorrhoids are categorized into four grades: one, two, three, and four. In grade one, there is no prolapse. In contrast, the last grade involves cases in which the hemorrhoids have prolapsed and can’t be pushed back in without experiencing a lot of pain. In most cases, a prolapsed hemorrhoid doesn’t cause any symptoms. However, sometimes, pain or discomfort, itchiness, or burning can occur. People experiencing problems usually undergo surgery to remove or correct a prolapsed hemorrhoid.

3. External hemorrhoids
This is the most commonly diagnosed type of hemorrhoid. External hemorrhoids are lumps that form on the surface of the anus, making themselves visible or palpable. They can cause several uncomfortable symptoms, such as pain, burning, and itching. These symptoms are usually noticed when the individual sits down, performs physical activities, or has bowel movements. An effective way to soothe pain and swelling is to apply a cold compress or take a hot bath. If the pain persists, it’s advisable to see a doctor. Doctors usually prescribe medications and ointments to soothe the various symptoms of external hemorrhoids.

4. Thrombosed hemorrhoid
When blood clots form in internal or external hemorrhoids, it is referred to as thrombosed hemorrhoids. Symptoms of thrombosed hemorrhoids tend to be more severe than other types of hemorrhoids. These include intense itching, pain, swelling, redness, and burning. Also, the area around the hemorrhoids may turn bluish. If the symptoms become unbearable, see a doctor right away and get it treated. Treatment will also prevent complications that may result from a lack of blood supply in the anal or rectal tissue. Treatment may involve a procedure to remove hemorrhoids.